feat: implement bubble sort optimization and corresponding tests in Java

.github/workflows/e2e-java-void-optimization.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+name: E2E - Java Void Optimization (No Git)
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - 'codeflash/languages/java/**'
+      - 'codeflash/languages/base.py'
+      - 'codeflash/languages/registry.py'
+      - 'codeflash/optimization/**'
+      - 'codeflash/verification/**'
+      - 'code_to_optimize/java/**'
+      - 'codeflash-java-runtime/**'
+      - 'tests/scripts/end_to_end_test_java_void_optimization.py'
+      - '.github/workflows/e2e-java-void-optimization.yaml'
+
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref_name }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  java-void-optimization-no-git:
+    environment: ${{ (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' || (contains(toJSON(github.event.pull_request.files.*.filename), '.github/workflows/') && github.event.pull_request.user.login != 'misrasaurabh1' && github.event.pull_request.user.login != 'KRRT7')) && 'external-trusted-contributors' || '' }}
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      CODEFLASH_AIS_SERVER: prod
+      POSTHOG_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.POSTHOG_API_KEY }}
+      CODEFLASH_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CODEFLASH_API_KEY }}
+      COLUMNS: 110
+      MAX_RETRIES: 3
+      RETRY_DELAY: 5
+      EXPECTED_IMPROVEMENT_PCT: 70
+      CODEFLASH_END_TO_END: 1
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.ref }}
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Validate PR
+        env:
+          PR_AUTHOR: ${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}
+          PR_STATE: ${{ github.event.pull_request.state }}
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+          HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+        run: |
+          if git diff --name-only "$BASE_SHA" "$HEAD_SHA" | grep -q "^.github/workflows/"; then
+            echo "⚠️ Workflow changes detected."
+            echo "PR Author: $PR_AUTHOR"
+            if [[ "$PR_AUTHOR" == "misrasaurabh1" || "$PR_AUTHOR" == "KRRT7" ]]; then
+              echo "✅ Authorized user ($PR_AUTHOR). Proceeding."
+            elif [[ "$PR_STATE" == "open" ]]; then
+              echo "✅ PR is open. Proceeding."
+            else
+              echo "⛔ Unauthorized user ($PR_AUTHOR) attempting to modify workflows. Exiting."
+              exit 1
+            fi
+          else
+            echo "✅ No workflow file changes detected. Proceeding."
+          fi
+
+      - name: Set up JDK 11
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          java-version: '11'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          cache: maven
+
+      - name: Set up Python 3.11 for CLI
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.11.6
+
+      - name: Install dependencies (CLI)
+        run: uv sync
+
+      - name: Build codeflash-runtime JAR
+        run: |
+          cd codeflash-java-runtime
+          mvn clean package -q -DskipTests
+          mvn install -q -DskipTests
+
+      - name: Verify Java installation
+        run: |
+          java -version
+          mvn --version
+
+      - name: Remove .git
+        run: |
+          if [ -d ".git" ]; then
+            sudo rm -rf .git
+            echo ".git directory removed."
+          else
+            echo ".git directory does not exist."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Run Codeflash to optimize void function
+        run: |
+          uv run python tests/scripts/end_to_end_test_java_void_optimization.py

code_to_optimize/java/src/main/java/com/example/InPlaceSorter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.example;
+
+public class InPlaceSorter {
+
+    public static void bubbleSortInPlace(int[] arr) {
+        if (arr == null || arr.length <= 1) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int n = arr.length;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) {
+                if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
+                    int temp = arr[j];
+                    arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
+                    arr[j + 1] = temp;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

code_to_optimize/java/src/main/java/com/example/InstanceSorter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.example;
+
+public class InstanceSorter {
+
+    public void bubbleSortInPlace(int[] arr) {
+        if (arr == null || arr.length <= 1) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int n = arr.length;
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) {
+                if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
+                    int temp = arr[j];
+                    arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
+                    arr[j + 1] = temp;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

code_to_optimize/java/src/test/java/com/example/InPlaceSorterTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package com.example;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class InPlaceSorterTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlace() {
+        int[] arr = {5, 3, 1, 4, 2};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceAlreadySorted() {
+        int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceReversed() {
+        int[] arr = {5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceWithDuplicates() {
+        int[] arr = {3, 2, 4, 1, 3, 2};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceWithNegatives() {
+        int[] arr = {3, -2, 7, 0, -5};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{-5, -2, 0, 3, 7}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceSingleElement() {
+        int[] arr = {42};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{42}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceEmpty() {
+        int[] arr = {};
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceNull() {
+        InPlaceSorter.bubbleSortInPlace(null);
+    }
+
+}

code_to_optimize/java/src/test/java/com/example/InstanceSorterTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.example;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class InstanceSorterTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlace() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {5, 3, 1, 4, 2};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceAlreadySorted() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceReversed() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceWithDuplicates() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {3, 2, 4, 1, 3, 2};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceWithNegatives() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {3, -2, 7, 0, -5};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{-5, -2, 0, 3, 7}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceSingleElement() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {42};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{42}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceEmpty() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        int[] arr = {};
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(arr);
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[]{}, arr);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBubbleSortInPlaceNull() {
+        InstanceSorter sorter = new InstanceSorter();
+        sorter.bubbleSortInPlace(null);
+    }
+}

codeflash/languages/java/instrumentation.py

@@ -340,6 +340,7 @@ def wrap_target_calls_with_treesitter(
         is_void = target_return_type == "void"
         var_name = f"_cf_result{iter_id}_{call_counter}"
         receiver = call.get("receiver", "this")
+        arg_texts: list[str] = call.get("arg_texts", [])
         cast_type = _infer_array_cast_type(orig_line)
         if not cast_type and target_return_type and not is_void:
             cast_type = target_return_type
@@ -347,13 +348,22 @@ def wrap_target_calls_with_treesitter(
 
         if is_void:
             bare_call_stmt = f"{call['full_call']};"
+            # For void methods, serialize the post-call state to capture side effects.
+            # For instance methods (receiver is a variable), serialize the receiver.
+            # For static methods (receiver is a class name), serialize the arguments
+            # since the class name itself is not a value and can't be cast to Object.
+            is_static_call = receiver != "this" and receiver[:1].isupper()
+            if is_static_call and arg_texts:
+                serialize_target = f"new Object[]{{{', '.join(arg_texts)}}}"
+            else:
+                serialize_target = f"(Object) {receiver}"
             if precise_call_timing:
-                serialize_stmt = f"_cf_serializedResult{iter_id}_{call_counter} = com.codeflash.Serializer.serialize((Object) {receiver});"
+                serialize_stmt = f"_cf_serializedResult{iter_id}_{call_counter} = com.codeflash.Serializer.serialize({serialize_target});"
                 start_stmt = f"_cf_start{iter_id}_{call_counter} = System.nanoTime();"
                 end_stmt = f"_cf_end{iter_id}_{call_counter} = System.nanoTime();"
             else:
                 serialize_stmt = (
-                    f"_cf_serializedResult{iter_id} = com.codeflash.Serializer.serialize((Object) {receiver});"
+                    f"_cf_serializedResult{iter_id} = com.codeflash.Serializer.serialize({serialize_target});"
                 )
                 start_stmt = f"_cf_start{iter_id} = System.nanoTime();"
                 end_stmt = f"_cf_end{iter_id} = System.nanoTime();"
@@ -493,6 +503,13 @@ def _collect_calls(
                     es_end = parent.end_byte - prefix_len
                 object_node = node.child_by_field_name("object")
                 receiver = analyzer.get_node_text(object_node, wrapper_bytes) if object_node else "this"
+                # Extract argument texts for void method serialization
+                args_node = node.child_by_field_name("arguments")
+                arg_texts: list[str] = []
+                if args_node:
+                    for child in args_node.children:
+                        if child.type not in ("(", ")", ","):
+                            arg_texts.append(analyzer.get_node_text(child, wrapper_bytes))
                 out.append(
                     {
                         "start_byte": start,
@@ -504,6 +521,7 @@ def _collect_calls(
                         "es_start_byte": es_start,
                         "es_end_byte": es_end,
                         "receiver": receiver,
+                        "arg_texts": arg_texts,
                     }
                 )
     for child in node.children:

tests/scripts/end_to_end_test_java_void_optimization.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import os
+import pathlib
+
+from end_to_end_test_utilities import TestConfig, run_codeflash_command, run_with_retries
+
+
+def run_test(expected_improvement_pct: int) -> bool:
+    config = TestConfig(
+        file_path="src/main/java/com/example/InPlaceSorter.java",
+        function_name="bubbleSortInPlace",
+        min_improvement_x=0.70,
+    )
+    cwd = (pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent / "code_to_optimize" / "java").resolve()
+    return run_codeflash_command(cwd, config, expected_improvement_pct)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    exit(run_with_retries(run_test, int(os.getenv("EXPECTED_IMPROVEMENT_PCT", 70))))